#1. Why do atoms bond?
#2. What does it mean to have a high bond polarity?
#3. In a bond between a highly electronegative atom and a less electronegative atom, which atom will the electrons in the bond be closer to?
#4. Describe the relationship between bond length and bond strength.
#5. Categorize the following as intermolecular or intramolecular forces: polar bonds, ionic bonds, Van der Waals interactions, metallic bonds, and hydrogen bonds.
#6. Why are elements after `P` able to expand their octet? For which elements is the octet rule strictly followed?
#7. What 2 factors determine the molecular geometry of a molecule?
#8. What is the difference between molecular geometry and electron geometry?
#9. If a bond has a higher bond order than another bond, what can you say about their relative lengths? Why?
#10. What is the significance of polyatomic ions?
#1. Atoms bond for two main reasons. First, atoms bond in order to satisfy valency. This explains why elements with satisfied octets do not react: they have no reason to. Second, atoms bond to achieve a more stable state. By creating a bond, the atoms involved in bonding release energy.
#2. A high bond polarity indicates that the atoms involved in bonding have a large difference in electronegativity.
#3. The electrons will be drawn more towards the electronegative atom because, by definition, electronegative atoms desire electrons more strongly than less electronegative atoms do.
#4. The stronger the bond, the shorter it is. The two have an inverse relationship where, as one increases, the other decreases.
#5. Intermolecular: Van der Waals interactions, Hydrogen Bonds, and Metallic Bonds. Intramolecular: Polar bonds and Ionic Bonds,
#6. Elements after `P` have access to the d-orbitals and thus are able to contain more electrons. The only elements that strictly follow the octet rule are atoms 6-14.
#7. Number of bonds and number of lone pairs
#8. For molecular geometry, bonds and lone pairs are distinct. For electron geometry, both are counted as the same.
#9. The higher the bond order, the stronger the bond. Thus, the bond with the higher bond order will have a shorter length relative to the other bond.
#10. Polyatomic ions are ions composed of multiple atoms that are very likely to stay in that molecular form. Whenever you see a polyatomic ion, you can treat it as a single atom.